IDR - IIT Kharagpur

Experimental Studies on Bleaching (Adsorption Process) Crude Sunflower Oil Using Adsorbents Made from Industrial Wastes

Experimental Studies on Bleaching (Adsorption Process) Crude Sunflower Oil Using Adsorbents Made from Industrial Wastes

 

Experimental Studies On Bleaching (Adsorption Process) Crude Sunflower Oil Using Adsorbents Made From Industrial Wastes : Industrial wastes namely rice hull carbon, rice hull ash from husk fired boiler and fly ash were used to prepare non conventional adsorbents for bleaching sunflower oil, upon imparting chemical (acid), heat and hydrothermal treatments. Six non conventional types of adsorbents prepared upon different treatments, and two conventional adsorbents, namely, Fuller’s Earth and Activated Carbon were tested for their bleaching ability under one set of independent variables (mass ratio, 4%; temperature 85°C and time 30min). Bleached oil samples were filtered with sintered glass under vacuum and absorbance values were measured with UV spectrophotometer at 269 nm. Absorbance values were converted into fractional degree of bleaching (DoB). DoB was made the criteria for selection of adsorbents while testing their bleaching ability. Three non conventional and two conventional adsorbents were selected for further experiments. All selected non conventional adsorbents were treated with 3 levels (6, 8 and 10N) of acid treatments. Thus, total eleven number of adsorbents used for experiments to study bleaching kinetics and adsorption isotherm. Three independent parameters namely mass ratio (1, 2, 3 and 4%), temperature (45, 60, 75 and 85°C) and time (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min) were selected for experiments. Experiments were conducted for all combinations. Fixed quantity of adsorbent was mixed with varying quantity of oil to achieve desired mass ratio in separate flask for each time level. Temperature was maintained in water bath. Bleached oil samples were filtered with sintered glass and filter paper under vacuum. Absorbance values were measured and converted into DoB. Brimberg and Elovich kinetic Model were fitted to experimental data and model parameters were estimated. High R2 value (0.880 to 0.998) and low SSE value (0.002 to 0.142) showed good agreement. Linearity of Elovich plot confirmed the suitability of model to experimental data. Activation energy was determined from kinetic coefficient associated with the model using Arrhenius equation and found to decrease with increase in mass ratio for Brimberg Model and increase with increase in mass ratio. Three adsorption isotherm models namely Langmuir, Freundlich and Toth were fitted the equilibrium data and model parameters were estimated. High value of R2 and low value of SSE value showed the applicability of isotherm models. The linearity of the isotherm model plots confirmed the applicability to models. Overall mass transfer coefficient were determined and found to be in the range of 0.04-0.08 sec-1. Two MLFF neural network models were developed in the present study.

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